X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)
The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) is a technique used to find out the nature of the materials as crystalline or amorphous. It defines the quantification of cementitious materials. It analyzes and identify the unknown crystalline compounds by Brag Brentano method. The different parameters such as scan step size, collection time, range, X-ray tube voltage and current should be fixed based on the specimen's requirement analysis. The standard database (JCPDS database) for XRD pattern is used for phase identification for a large variety of crystalline phases in the concrete specimens.
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Olympus BX51 Optical Microscope
The optical microscope is a type of microscope that commonly uses visible light and a system of lenses to generate magnified images of small objects. The microscope is attached with a digital camera to capture the image (micrograph). The main application of the OM is to investigate the textural parameters of ores and materials. The microscope is also connected to a computer equipped with a software that can be used to edit the captured photos and calculate some parameters such as grain size of studied materials and ores.
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Viscometer
Viscometer is using for measurement of Rheological properties (Apparent viscosity, plastic viscosity, yield, gel trength,…) of bentonite as drilling fluid. Filter press used for measuring filtered properties of bentonite slurry. The agitator is a specific design mix methodology for evaluating the chemical compatibility of bentonite slurry mixes
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Linear Swell Meter
The Linear Swell Meter (LSM) helps determine shale hydration or dehydration by measuring the increase or decrease in length over time of reconstituted or intact shale core. The LSM test demonstrates the inhibitive effects of these various fluids on shale swelling.
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Ion Chromatography
The Ion chromatography separates ions and polar molecules based on their affinity to the ion exchanger. It works on almost any kind of charged molecule-including large proteins, small nucleotides, and amino acids. However, ion chromatography must be done in conditions that are one unit away from the isoelectric point of a protein. The two types of ion chromatography are anion-exchange and cation-exchange.
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